Present Perfect (I have done) 3

1. Study this example:

Tom : Have you heard from George?
Ann : No, he hasn't written to me recently.

We use the present perfect when we talk about period of time that continuous up to the present. Tom and Ann are talking about the period between short time ago and now. So they say 'have you heard' and 'he hasn't written'.

Here are some more examples:

• Have you seen my dog? I can't find him anywhere.
• Everything is going fine. We haven't had any problems so far.
• We've met a lot of interesting people in the last few days.
• Fred has been ill a lot in the past few years, hasn't he?

For sentences with for and since see Unit 18.

2. We often use the present perfect with yet (see also Unit 107). Yet shows that the speaker expecting something to happen. Use yet only in questions and negative sentences:

• Has it stopped raining yet?
• I haven't told them about the accident yet.

3. We use the present perfect with this morning / this evening / today / this week / this term etc.
(when these periods are not finished at the time of speaking):

• I've smoked ten cigarettes today.
• Has Ann had a holiday this year?
• I haven't seen Tom this morning. Have you?
• Ron hasn't studied very much this term.
• Bill is phoning his girl-friend again. That's the third time he's phoned her this evening.

4. We also use the present perfect continuous (I have been doing) when we talk about a period of time continuing up to the present;
I haven't been feeling very well recently.

For the present perfect continuous see Unit 16-18.
For the present perfect and past simple see Unit 20-21

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